Artificial intelligence and machine learning
The Regulatory Trilemma AI regulation in 2025 is split into three competing philosophies: the European Union’s comprehensive, risk-based approach; the United States’ fragmented, innovation-friendly framework; and China’s state-directed, security-focused model.…
Where the Rubber Meets the Road Ten years ago, self-driving car timelines were wildly optimistic. Elon Musk promised full autonomy by 2017. General Motors said 2019. Ford said 2021. None…
Carbon, Water, and Compute Training large language models consumes staggering amounts of energy. The exact figures are closely guarded by AI companies — competitive intelligence wrapped in PR sensitivity —…
From Serendipity to Search Drug discovery has historically been a painfully slow, expensive, and failure-prone process. The average new drug takes 10-15 years and costs $1-2.6 billion to bring to…
The State of Frontier AI in 2025 The AI industry moves fast enough that writing about it risks immediate obsolescence, but here’s where things stand. OpenAI released GPT-4 in March…
The European Union’s AI Act, which entered into force in August 2024, is the world’s first comprehensive legal framework for artificial intelligence. It creates a risk-based classification system: unacceptable risk…
In 2016, nearly every major automaker and a swarm of startups predicted that fully self-driving cars would be on public roads by 2020. That deadline came and went. In 2023,…
When you ask ChatGPT a question, the energy cost of that single interaction is trivial — roughly the equivalent of powering an LED light bulb for a few seconds. But…
The promise of AI in drug discovery is enormous: molecule design in hours instead of years, virtual screening of billions of compounds, clinical trial predictions that reduce failure rates. The…
OpenAI has not officially announced GPT-5. But the clues — job postings, compute procurement, executive comments and the competitive landscape — paint a fairly clear picture of what the next…
